If we believe the sources, Trebsen was already a strategically important place in 991, which the Slavic count Bucelin chose as his seat. Ceramic discs found during excavations prove that the castle site was already inhabited in the 9th and 10th centuries. The first mention of a noble knight named "Heinrich de Trebecin" was discovered in a document from the Bishop of Naumburg from 1161.
Trebsen subsequently developed into one of the largest manors in Saxony. With over 1000 hectares of land and the interest income from 2 towns and over 10 villages, the wealth is documented in the construction of a new castle complex. Around 1494, Georg von Saalhausen acquired the Trebsen manor and began building the castle. The high-quality cell vaults in the ground floor rooms are evidence of this construction phase. With the purchase of the manor in 1521, the castle was completed as a four-wing complex under Hans von Minkwitz. A lively change of ownership led to further structural changes.
In the 18th century, a landscape park in the English style was created, much of which still exists today.