Due to the immense increase in visitor numbers from the middle of the 19th century onwards, the old Gewandhaus Hall was no longer sufficient. In December 1884, a new concert hall was built. Unlike the old Gewandhaus Hall, this second Gewandhaus did not belong to the city, but to the Gewandhaus Concert Management.
The Great Hall, which had space for 1.500 people, was highly praised for its architecture and acoustics. The Chamber Music Hall had a capacity of around 500 people. In 1892, a monument to Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy was unveiled in front of the second Gewandhaus. During the Second World War, the building burned down in bomb attacks. It remained a ruin, which was blown up in 1968.
In 1947, Walter Arnold created a new Mendelssohn monument, which today stands just a few meters from its original location - on the so-called Mendelssohn bank of the renovated Pleißemühlgraben. The five steps symbolize five lines of music on which the first notes of Mendelssohn's E minor violin concerto are represented by wooden cubes.